118 technical articles on life cycle assessment, EN 15804+A2 EPD generation, ecoinvent v3.12, CBAM and corporate carbon reporting.
A national emissions trading system means the money otherwise paid to CBAM stays in the country. Scope, allocation and what MRV obligations mean for industry.
Read moreWithout precursor data the declaration falls to defaults. The contractual, technical and operational ways to get data out of suppliers.
Read moreBoth compute emissions, but they do not answer the same question. System boundary, gases covered, allocation rules and verification regime all differ.
Read moreProcess emissions in cement, electricity in aluminium, N₂O in fertilisers. Each sector has a different lever driving its embedded emissions.
Read moreSteel is CBAM’s largest volume line. How the production route drives embedded emissions, and the opportunity in Turkey’s EAF-heavy structure.
Read moreCertificate prices are indexed to EU ETS auction prices. Price volatility, deducting the carbon price paid at home, and cash-flow planning.
Read moreIn the transitional period you filed reports; in the definitive period you surrender certificates. Filing frequency, verification requirements and the penalty regime all change.
Read moreDefaults are easy but expensive: by design they represent poor performance. What it costs to move to actual data, and what it returns.
Read moreEmbedded emissions have three components, each under different rules. Installation boundaries, measurement points and carrying precursor emissions through.
Read moreThe Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism puts a carbon cost on the embedded emissions of certain goods imported into the EU. Scope, timeline and what an exporter has to do today.
Read moreIn electronics, impact concentrates in the component with the highest impact per gram. Semiconductor fabrication, critical raw material scarcity and the value of extending life.
Read moreIn chemical products, impact can concentrate in components that are small by mass. Formulation precision, solvent choice and area covered as the functional unit.
Read moreNine topic clusters, 118 articles in total.
LCA, EPD, carbon footprint, greenhouse gases, the circular economy. The definitions that build the field’s vocabulary — each one a doorway into the technical articles that go deeper.
EN 15804+A2, EN 15978, PCR selection and modularity rules — everything that decides which standard, which revision and which product category rules an EPD is built against.
The ISO 14040/14044 framework and the four hard calls it leaves you: functional unit, system boundary, allocation and cut-off rules. This is where a study’s methodological skeleton is set.
ecoinvent v3.12 background data, CML/ReCiPe/EF v3.1 method selection, data quality (DQR, pedigree matrix) and uncertainty analysis — the layer that decides where your numbers come from and how much they can be trusted.
Cement, concrete, steel, insulation, plastics, packaging, textiles, food, ceramics and glass. Each sector has its own functional unit, its own allocation trap and its own PCR — this is where the general rules get concrete.
Program operator selection, working with an independent verifier, critical review and publication — the process that starts where the model ends and makes an EPD count in the market.
The Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM), embedded emissions accounting, definitive-period obligations, the ETS price link and what all of it means for an exporter in practice.
GHG Protocol Scope 1-2-3, ISO 14064, ISO 14067 product carbon footprint, CSRD/ESRS E1 and SBTi targets — how product-level LCA connects to corporate reporting.
Where EPDs sit inside LEED, BREEAM, DGNB and Level(s); building-level embodied carbon (EN 15978), material selection and whole-life carbon assessment.
The end-to-end flow from inventory to verified EPD, multi-client consultancy management, LCC/TEA, AI-assisted modelling and team collaboration — where LCA becomes a daily operation.
