To ensure your LCA work meets certification, verification and reporting requirements, C-LCA provides a calculation backbone aligned with the core ISO and EN standards in the field.
The A2 revision of the European standard is mandatory for all new EPDs from 2024 onwards. It defines core and additional environmental impact indicators, life cycle scope through A1-A5 / B1-B7 / C1-C4 / D modules, the modulary table and data quality requirements.
The international standard defining the underlying principles and methodological framework of life cycle assessment. Establishes the four main phases: goal and scope definition, inventory analysis, impact assessment and interpretation.
Spells out how the ISO 14040 framework is implemented in practice. Governs data quality requirements, allocation rules, sensitivity analysis and the critical review process.
Sets out the rules for preparing and publishing Type III environmental declarations. Covers Product Category Rules (PCR), independent verification and public communication requirements.
Pragmatic methodology published by the British Standards Institution for assessing the greenhouse gas emissions of goods and services. A carbon-focused subset of EN 15804.
Developed by WRI and WBCSD; the world's most widely used corporate carbon-accounting standard. Defines Scope 1 (direct), Scope 2 (purchased energy) and Scope 3 (supply chain) emissions.
Product-specific environmental footprint calculation rules from the European Commission. Reference framework for sustainable consumer information and EU single-market regulation.
Life cycle costing (LCC) is the economic twin of environmental LCA. The ISO 15686-5 and EN 16627 framework, NPC/EAC indicators, and why costs never enter the EPD.
Read more →The numerical core of an EPD is five result tables: core impact, additional impact, resource use, waste and output flows. What they mean, row by row.
Read more →Level(s) is not a certificate but a common measurement language. Its six macro-objectives, indicator structure and relationship with existing schemes.
Read more →PCF is a single-indicator LCA summary; a full LCA delivers 19+ indicators. The link to ISO 14067, GHG Protocol Product Standard and EN 15804+A2.
Read more →How do the EU PEFCR framework and EN 15804+A2 EPDs overlap, and how do they complement each other? A manufacturer decision matrix.
Read more →The three leading green-building certifications use EPDs differently in their scoring categories. A practical EPD-value map for manufacturers.
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