10 min readCorporate Carbon
Carbon neutral, net zero, climate neutral: what the claims actually require
Three terms, three different evidence requirements. Offsetting mechanisms, the permanence problem and where greenwashing begins.
Read moreenvironmental claim
Every clca article tagged “environmental claim” — 4 technical pieces covering the topic from methodology, standards interpretation and practical application angles.
4 articles
10 min read
ISO 14025 and Type III declarations: the framework behind an EPD
The standard that explains why an EPD needs a program operator, why it cannot exist without a PCR, and what separates Type I, II and III.
Read more11 min read
Comparative LCA and critical review: when is it mandatory?
Compare with a competing product and disclose it publicly, and ISO 14044 requires a review panel. The reasoning behind the rule and its practical consequences.
Read more9 min readFundamentals
What is greenwashing? Seven common forms
Most greenwashing is not deliberate falsehood but unsubstantiated good intent. Which claims carry risk, and how to make them defensible.
Read moreRelated topics
- fundamentals20
- data quality15
- EN 1580412
- CBAM11
- building LCA10
- EPD10
- embodied carbon9
- sector LCA9
- ecoinvent8
- Scope 38
- construction product EPD7
- life cycle assessment7
- recycled content7
- corporate carbon footprint6
- biogenic carbon5
- embedded emissions5
- functional unit5
- ISO 140405
- carbon footprint5
- verification5
- carbon pricing4
- circular economy4
- CSRD4
- EN 159784
- end-of-life scenario4
- EPD program operator4
- green building4
- impact categories4
- Module D4
- CO2 equivalent3
- data collection3
- Digital Product Passport3
- electricity emission factor3
- emission factor3
- energy efficiency3
- environmental regulation3
- export compliance3
- green building certification3
- uncertainty analysis3
- PCR3
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