Industry · Steel
Steel (BF-BOF, EAF, stainless) EN 15804+A2 LCA and EPD
GWP differs 2-3× between blast-furnace-basic-oxygen (BF-BOF) and electric arc furnace (EAF) routes. clca models both, with grid mix selection for EAF (including Turkish TEİAŞ mix). Scrap rate (recycled-content) is transparently reported in module D.
Impact hotspots
A1 — Feedstock and route choice
- Iron ore reduction with coke/coal in BF-BOF
- EAF grid mix (renewable share is decisive)
A3 — Rolling and coating
- Rolling operations (hot/cold rolling, coating)
D — Recycled-content credit
- Scrap input rate — recycled steel credit reported in module D
EN 15804+A2 modules
| Module | Modelling note |
|---|---|
| A1—A3 | Cradle-to-gate; route choice (BF-BOF, EAF), scrap rate, alloy inputs. |
| A4 | Typically long-distance sea/rail transport. |
| A5 | On-site cutting/assembly waste; critical for structural steel. |
| C | High recycle rate as scrap after deconstruction. |
| D | Recycled-content credit; sensitive to cut-off vs. APOS model choice. |
PCR Ref: EN 15804+A2 + worldsteel LCI data format.
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Next step
Request a demo with a sample EPD model in Steel. You can start from the EN 15804+A2 product templates already available in clca.